{"id":225037,"date":"2015-10-07T20:02:55","date_gmt":"2015-10-07T12:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yangzhe1991.org\/blog\/?p=225037"},"modified":"2015-10-07T20:20:18","modified_gmt":"2015-10-07T12:20:18","slug":"%e5%88%86%e5%b8%83%e5%bc%8f%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%96%e8%88%8d-cassandra%e7%9a%84%e9%80%89%e6%8b%a9%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e5%90%8e%e6%9e%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yangzhe1991.org\/blog\/2015\/10\/%e5%88%86%e5%b8%83%e5%bc%8f%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%96%e8%88%8d-cassandra%e7%9a%84%e9%80%89%e6%8b%a9%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e5%90%8e%e6%9e%9c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u53d6\u820d\u2014\u2014Cassandra\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u679c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u60f3\u5199\u7684Cassandra\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8c08\u9700\u6c42\u573a\u666f\u53ea\u8c08\u5229\u5f0a\u662f\u800d\u6d41\u6c13\uff1b\u53ea\u8c08\u5229\u4e0d\u8c08\u5f0a\u662f\u81ed\u6d41\u6c13\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u7ed5\u5f00\u4e86\u5355\u673a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4ece\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u5929\u751f\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002Google\u57fa\u4e8eGFS\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86BigTable\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aGFS\u662f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5728GFS\u4e0a\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u65e2\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u591a\u4efd\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3aGFS\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7rpc\u8c03\u7528\u8bfb\u5199\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2aBitTable\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u65e2\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u63a5\u8bfb\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5f00\u6e90\u7684HBase\u5728\u603b\u4f53\u601d\u8def\u4e0a\u5c71\u5be8\u4e86BigTable\uff0c\u540e\u6587\u7528HBase\u4ee3\u6307\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4e0d\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5728\u8282\u70b9\u672c\u5730\uff0c\u4f46\u662fclient\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u53bb\u8bfb\u5199\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fAmazon\u63d0\u51fa\u7684Dynamo\u3002\u800c\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Cassandra\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u5c71\u5be8\u4e86Dynamo\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u6240\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u770b\u91cdDynamo\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ea\u4ecb\u7ecdCassandra\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u5148\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u9488\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u60f3\u8bfb\u5199\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff1f\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u884c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u884c\u7684partition key\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u3002\u800ckey->node\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2akey\u5355\u72ec\u5b58\u50a8\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u663e\u7136\u5b58\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u5c06key\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684key\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u7ec4key\u90fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fkey->group->node\u3002\u5177\u4f53key->group\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u2014\u2014pre-sharding\u548cresharding\u3002<\/p>\n

Pre-sharding\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662fkey->group\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u4f1a\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684group\u4e5f\u53eb\u201cslot\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u53d6\u6a21\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2akey\u843d\u5728\u54ea\u4e2aslot\u4e0a\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5355\u673a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6269\u5c55\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90fd\u662fpre-sharding\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800cresharding\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3aauto-sharding\uff09\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2agroup\u7684key\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u5c31\u4fee\u6539\u4e0b\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2agroup\u5747\u5300\u4e9b\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2agroup\u7684key\u6ee1\u8db3\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u6bcf\u4e2akey\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u800csharding\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5c31\u662f\u4fee\u6539key->group\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u5177\u4f53\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86sharding\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u628a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u76f8\u90bb\u7684key\u5206\u5728\u4e00\u4e2agroup\uff0cresharding\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2agroup\u7684\u8d77\u6b62key\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u54c8\u5e0c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u628a\u76f8\u90bb\u6570\u5b57\u7684key\u5206\u5728\u4e00\u4e2agroup\uff0cresharding \u8d1f\u8d23\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2agroup\u7684\u8d77\u6b62hash\u3002\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309key\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0chash\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u51b7\u70ed\u4e0d\u5747\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5929\u751f\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90fd\u662fsharding\u7684\uff0cHBase\u548cCassandra\u90fd\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cdsharding\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cHBase\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\uff0cCassandra\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u3002\u4f46HBase\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u4e5f\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9519\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u987a\u5e8f\u626b\u884c\uff0c\u800cCassandra\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u60b2\u5267\u4e86\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u540e\u9762\u518d\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2akey\u5728\u54ea\u4e2agroup\u540e\uff0cgroup->node\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0a\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5c42proxy\uff0cclient\u53ef\u4ee5\u5168\u90e8\u8bf7\u6c42proxy\u800cproxy\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8be5\u8bfb\u5199\u54ea\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff1b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982zookeeper\uff09\uff0c\u62ff\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8282\u70b9\uff1b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8282\u70b9\u81ea\u5df1\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002Codis\u3001\u5404\u79cdMySQL\u7684proxy\u90fd\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\uff1bHBase\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\uff1bCassandra\u548credis cluster\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3agroup->node\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u968f\u65f6\u6539\u53d8\u7684\uff08\u5982\u589e\u51cf\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u6302\u4e86\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u6765\u5206\u914dkey->node\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6bcf\u4e2akey\u90fd\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u80fd\u670d\u52a1\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u96c6\u7fa4\u4fe1\u606f\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u8fd9\u53c8\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2amaster\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2amaster\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5206\u4e71\uff1b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8282\u70b9\u81ea\u5df1\u638c\u63a7\u5168\u5c40\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8c03\u6574\u5230\u6536\u655b\u72b6\u6001\u3002HBase\u3001Codis\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\uff1bCassandra\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\uff1bRedis Cluster\u4ecb\u4e8e\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e3b\u4ece\u5207\u6362\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e2aslot\u8be5\u5b58\u54ea\u4e2agroup\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u811a\u672c\u4eba\u5de5\u63a7\u5236\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u628a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6309\u5404\u79cd\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0bCassandra\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u672c\u5730\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5199\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u5bf9key\u505asharding\u800c\u975epre-sharding\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u54ea\uff08\u51e0\uff09\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff1b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u8868\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u5171\u540c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u800c\u975e\u67d0\u4e2amaster\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

\u77e5\u9053\u4e86Cassandra\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u505a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5176\u5229\u5f0a\u4e86\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u505a\u7684\u6289\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5b58\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5171\u540c\u7ef4\u62a4\u65e0\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u2014\u2014client\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u5199\uff0c\u968f\u4fbf\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u80fd\u8f6c\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5938\u673a\u623f\uff1b\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u96c6\u7fa4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7528gossip\u534f\u8bae\u534f\u8c03\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\u6bd4\u6709\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5176\u4e2d\u524d\u8005gossip\u7b49\u90e8\u5206\u540e\u6587\u518d\u5355\u72ec\u6765\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7740\u91cd\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5355\u72ec\u4e00\u7bc7\u6765\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

HBase\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f9d\u8d56HDFS\uff0c\u8ba9HBase\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981master\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u4e2agroup\uff08region\uff09\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u628aHBase\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5355\u673a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u5185\u5b58+\u78c1\u76d8\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5185\u5b58+HDFS\u7684rpc\uff0c\u800c\u5355\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u800cCassandra\u6bcf\u4e2agroup\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u8981\u5199\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

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