\u4ffa\u4eec\u516c\u53f8infra\u7ec4\u5458\u5de5\u7eb7\u7eb7\u8dd1\u8def\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5c71\u5be8\u7684\u8f6e\u5b50\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u505c\u6b62\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5957\u5c71\u5be8\u4e86GFS\u3001MapReduce\u3001BigTable\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u91ce\u5fc3\u662f\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u7ec8\u7a76\u654c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f53\u521d\u516c\u53f8\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u65f6\u5019hadoop\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6210\u578b\u751a\u81f3\u597d\u50cf\u8fd8\u6ca1\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u9020\u8f6e\u5b50\u4e5f\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u5c34\u5c2c\uff0c\u6070\u5de7\u5904\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u73b0\u6210\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7801\u519c\u90fd\u6709\u9020\u8f6e\u5b50\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u9020\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4e5f\u4e00\u53d1\u4e0d\u53ef\u6536\u62fe\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u521b\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u771f\u662f\u6bd4\u5f53\u5e74\u5e78\u798f\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u6709\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97VPS\uff0c\u67b6\u6784\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8fd8\u7b97\u9760\u8c31\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u90fd\u7528\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u4ece\u5404\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u62db\u4eba\u4e5f\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e0a\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u8a00\u5f52\u6b63\u4f20\u5427\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u516c\u53f8\u81ea\u5df1\u5c71\u5be8\u7684BigTable\u505c\u6b62\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u73a9\u610f\u53c8\u786e\u5b9e\u9694\u4e09\u5dee\u4e94\u6302\u4e00\u56de\uff0c\u4fdd\u9669\u8d77\u89c1\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u8981\u627e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u6210\u719f\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u6211\u4eec\u516c\u53f8\u9020\u7684\u8f6e\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u662fhbase\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u516c\u53f8\u4e0d\u7528hadoop\u3001hdfs\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0ahbase\u7684\u8bdd\u8fd8\u5f97\u642dhdfs\uff08ZooKeeper\u5012\u662f\u6709\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u591a\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u9664\u4e86hdfs\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u5916\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5668\u662f\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u673a\u5668\u8d8a\u5c11\u90a3\u51e0\u53f0\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5c31\u8d8a\u663e\u5f97\u6d6a\u8d39\uff08\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u673a\u5668\u90fd\u662f\u56fa\u5b9ax\u5757\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u5b9a\u5236\u786c\u76d8\u6570\u91cf\u5012\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u884c\u4f46\u6bd5\u7adf\u663e\u5f97\u9ebb\u70e6\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u7528hbase\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u628a\u76ee\u5149\u6295\u5411\u4e86Cassandra\u3002<\/p>\n
Cassandra\u57fa\u4e8eAmazon\u7684Dynamo\uff0c\u53bb\u9664\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u7684gossip\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u505a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u3002P2P\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\uff0cGossip\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5468\u671f\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u968f\u673a\u9009\u4e00\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5668\u6765\u4e92\u76f8\u628a\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u62ff\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u6254\u6389\u65e7\u7684\u3002\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u800c\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bf4\uff0c1\u79d2\u524d\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c1\u79d2\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u673a\u5668\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u56e0\u6b64\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8fd8\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u50cf\u589e\u51cf\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u589e\u51cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9891\u7e41\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7ef4\u62a4\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u6216\u54ea\u51e0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5Cassandra\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u2014\u2014node\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u548cDynamo\u4e00\u6837\uff0cCassandra\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u54c8\u5e0c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f46Cassandra\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201cvirtual node\u201d\u7b56\u7565\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u73af\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a256\uff09\u2014\u2014\u800c\u4ece\u6982\u7387\u4e0a\u8bb2\u8282\u70b9\u8d8a\u591a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u90fd\u4f1a\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u66f4\u5747\u8861\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9760\u6982\u7387\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6ca1\u6709BigTable\/HBase\u7684region server\u81ea\u52a8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u6548\u679c\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76f8\u90bb\u7684key\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u6cd5\u626b\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e5f\u548cDynamo\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u51e0\u4efd\u662f\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u3002\u800cCassandra\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u8de8\u673a\u623f\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u673a\u623f\u5b58\u51e0\u4efd\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u548cDynamo\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u6216\u5199\u65f6\u8981\u6c42\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u8bfb\u51fa\u6765\u7b97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5199\u8fdb\u53bb\u800c\u4e14\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u6302\u4e86\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5373\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff09\u4e3a\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u914d\u7f6e\u8bfb\u6210\u529f\u6570\u4e3aR\u624d\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3001\u5199\u6210\u529fW\u4efd\u544a\u77e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u4e86N\u4efd\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0aW+R>N\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u5199\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u88ab\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u544a\u77e5N\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u8d85\u65f6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6302\u4e86\u6216\u8005load\u592a\u9ad8\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u6682\u65f6\u653e\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\uff08Hinted Handoff\u200e\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6062\u590d\u5219\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6062\u590d\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u66ff\u4ed6\u6682\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u53ea\u6709N-1\u4efd\u3002\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u7684repair\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5728N\u4efd\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aHinted Handoff\u200e\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u91cd\u542f\u4e4b\u540e\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u52a0\u5feb\u8282\u70b9\u91cd\u542f\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6062\u590d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610fHinted Handoff\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7b97\u5199\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u8bbeW=N\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6302\u4e86\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8d85\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u5199\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e5f\u662f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e5f\u60f3\u8981\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u90a3\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6848\u53ea\u80fd\u662fN=3\uff0cW=R=2\u3002\u8c46\u74e3\u81ea\u5df1\u641e\u4e86\u4e2aBean DB\u4e5f\u662fDynamo\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u8bb0\u5f97\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u662fW=1\uff0cR=3\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6302\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u3002\u200e<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86Dynamo\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53c8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86BigTable\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u2014\u2014\u6240\u8c13\u7684wide column\u2014\u2014\u548cKV\u6a21\u578b\u6bd4\u9664\u4e86Row Key\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2aColumn Key\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8emap<key,value>\u4e2d\u7684value\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2amap\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684SortedMap\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aCassandra\u7684RowKey\u65e0\u5e8f\u56e0\u6b64Column Key\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd4\u56de\u6709\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u6309\u5927\u4e8e\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
Cassandra\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u548cBigTable\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u8bb0log\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7136\u540e\u518dmemTable\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684memTable\u6ee1\u4e86\u5c31\u628a\u6570\u636e\u6309key\u6709\u5e8f\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6210SSTable\uff0cSSTable\u591a\u4e86\u5c31\u5408\u5e76\u3002\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5148\u7528bloom filter\u51cf\u5c0fSSTable\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6570\u636e\u201d\u7684SSTable\u4e2d\u627e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6709\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5177\u4f53SSTable\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u628a\u5927\u5c0f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662flevel-db\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u591a\u7ea7\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
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